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Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev, former President of the USSR.

Mikhail Gorbachev

Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev graduated from Moscow State University in 1955 with a degree in law. In 1970, he was appointed the First Party Secretary of the Stavropol Kraikom, First Secretary to the Supreme Soviet in 1974, and appointed a member of the Politburo in 1979. Gorbachev was elected General Secretary by the Politburo in 1985.  Mikhail gorbachev was the seventh and last General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, serving from 1985 until 1991, and the last head of state of the USSR, serving from 1988 until its collapse in 1991.He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1990.  The International Foundation for Socio-Economic and Political Studies (The Gorbachev Foundation) was founded by Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev,  in December 1991.

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Articles by Mikhail Gorbachev

  1. To the Participants of the VIII World Congress of the International Council for Central and East European Studies

    Gorbachev here emphasize that the essence of glasnost was a real dialogue between authorities and society. The dialogue, he argues here, required a rejection of all forms of censorship and pressure on the mass media, the existence of rights for freedom of assembly, meetings and demonstrations, freedom of conscience, and the creation of public organisations. All this was done in the perestroika years according to Gorbachev.

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