contributors

Articles by Tatiana Sokolova, Oldouz Nejadibabadaei and Bartira Fortes

1. DIGITAL ORTHODOXY A typology of non-institutionalized Ortho-blogs

   Social media and the Internet have experienced a rapid development to which the religious factor has not remained indifferent. Religion has found ways to adapt to the online environment. This new online context has been thoroughly analyzed in relation to Christian denominations such as Catholics, Protestants and Neo-Protestant groups, yet we do not know much about how Orthodoxy has adapted online. While a few studies emphasize the presence of Ortho-bloggers in the online environment, we know very little about how they organize their activity in terms of structure, content, and purpose. This study addresses this gap in the literature by proposing a new approach to Ortho-blogging research. It describes the types of Orthodox religious blogs found within the typology of noninstitutionalized Ortho-blogs in the context of the Orthodox sphere in Romania. Romania has a large Orthodox population, a very active church at societal and political level and a good Internet infrastructure. In the analysis, several types of the Ortho-blog are highlighted in relation to structure, content, and purpose. This study carries an empirical significance for the study of online religious actors in general and Orthodox Christian actors in particular.

2. Brijuni or Brioni: Reviewing Tito’s Luxury Island

   The island of Brijuni, just off the Adriatic coast of Croatia, hosts a museum celebrating Tito’s presence on the island. An exhibition presents Tito's international engagement with approximately 200 images. The exhibition covers almost all the years of his rule of Yugoslavia. This raises several questions, one is: If a democracy hosts a museum for a dictator, should we be concerned?

3. Andrea Pető: “Why Do Universities and Academic Freedom Matter?” 

   Andrea Petö, professor at the Central European University (CEU), was awarded an honorary doctorate an held a talk:" Why Do Universities and Academic Freedom Matter?" where she warned about how illiberal regimes infiltrate universities to legitimize their ideology.

4. The Åland autonomy. The Åland autonomy. A success story and a particular case

   The Future Conditions for the Åland Autonomy, Bjarne Lindström and Göran Lindholm (Olof M. Jansson’s Foundation for the promotion of historical research on Åland, 2021), 95 pages

5. Targeting Ukrainians that praise the armed resistance to USSR. Putin’s authoritarian turn justified by the past

   The Future of the Soviet Past: The Politics of History in Putin’s Russia Anton Weiss-Wendt & Nanci Adler, eds., Bloomington, Indiana University Press 2021. 258 pages.

6. “Vegetarianism was part of social reformism”

   Corinna Treitel, Department Chair and Professor of History at Washington University in St. Louis, in conversation with Julia Malitska on dreams about and attempts at dietary reform in the 19th and 20th centuries, and on German life reformers and their long lasting, but forgotten, impacts on the ways we think today about eating naturally and environmentally consciously.

7. The rise of the Swedish welfare state Introducing modern food practices into the modern food system

   This article highlights the development of modern food practices and food regulations in Sweden with special emphasis on food safety and food security from the late 19th century to 1950s. The results are linked to the wider discussion about modernization and societal change in Sweden and includes industrial organization in the agro-food sector, technological development, and the reality experienced by the population during decades that were heavily influenced by the consequences of two world wars and the rise of the welfare state.

8. Introduction Dietary reforms, ca 1850–1950. People, ideas, and institutions

   In this special section, the histories of dietary reform have been approached and explored from different perspectives. The essays weave together threads of the history of dietary advice and nutritional standards with social history, women’s history and food history, covering the elements of life reform and women’s movements, the establishment of communist food ideology, etc.

9. Radical reformers or not quite? From vegetarianism to communist nutrition in Bulgaria: contrasts and continuities (1925–1960)

   This article investigates the ideas of correct and modern nutrition during the early communist period in Bulgaria and outlines their relationship to previously existing ideas and practices. The research reveals the multiple influences of pre-communist food ideologies, particularly those of the vegetarian movement that flourished in the country in the 1920s and 1930s. It questions the propaganda claim that the communist regime introduced a radically new understanding of and approach to nutrition. It also suggests that there were significant differences between the attitudes towards meatless diets in Eastern European communist countries. The hostility towards vegetarianism was not equally strong and consistent across the bloc, and despite the evident influence of Soviet teachings focused on meat-based, protein-rich diets, nutritionists introducedmeatless diet “through the back door”.

10. VEGETARIAN FOOD AS MODERN FOOD ATTEMPTS TO EDUCATE THE NATION OF ESTONIA FROM THE 1900s TO THE 1930s

    This article considers the spread of ideas on vegetarianism in Estonia from the turn of the 19th century until 1940. The study builds on analyzing archival sources, media texts and educational work conducted by nutrition experts, schools and organizations. Propaganda about the consumption of vegetarian food was associated with the general modernization of domestic culture and the discourse on healthy food as the basis for the nation’s vitality. The article highlights the leading role of women’s movement in home economics, including attempts to implement food culture informed by nutritional science, especially teaching the people to eat more fruits and vegetables. The spread of vegetarian ideas in Estonia also illustrates how the previously dominating German cultural influences were gradually replaced by an orientation towards the Nordic countries, and demonstrates how these ideas were adapted to an Estonian context.

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