The Lindberg family was among the group of Swedish citizens who emigrated from Kiruna to the USSR. They lived in what was called “The Swedish house” in Kirovsk (Hibinogorsk) between 1933 and 1935. source: Kaa Eneberg

The Lindberg family was among the group of Swedish citizens who emigrated from Kiruna to the USSR. They lived in what was called “The Swedish house” in Kirovsk (Hibinogorsk) between 1933 and 1935. source: Kaa Eneberg

Peer-reviewed articles Rescued from Stalin’s terror The unknown Swedish operation in the 1930s

The author analyses the operation by Swedish diplomats in the Soviet Union during the peak of the Stalinist Terror. Although Swedish communists living in the USSR have been in the spotlight of some journalists and historians, the extent of the different Swedish groups and the complicated diplomatic actions to help them are nearly unknown. Who could be saved? Who disappeared in the Gulag? The context is the Soviet actions against all foreigners in the Great Terror from 1937, forcing them to either become Soviet citizens or immediately leave the country. Comparisons are made with Finnish people in the Soviet Union, a group much harder hit by the terror than the small groups of Swedes.

Published in the printed edition of Baltic Worlds BW 2024: 1-2. pages 34-48
Published on balticworlds.com on April 23, 2024

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abstract

The author analyses the operation by Swedish diplomats in the Soviet Union during the peak of the Stalinist Terror. Although Swedish communists living in the USSR have been in the spotlight of some journalists and historians, the extent of the different Swedish groups and the complicated diplomatic actions to help them are nearly unknown. Who could be saved? Who disappeared in the Gulag? The context is the Soviet actions against all foreigners in the Great Terror from 1937, forcing them to either become Soviet citizens or immediately leave the country. Comparisons are made with Finnish people in the Soviet Union, a group much harder hit by the terror than the small groups of Swedes.

Keywords: Swedish communists, Gulag, the Great Terror, Soviet Union.

Read the full article as a pdf, download OA.

Torbjörn Nilsson

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